Monday, October 31, 2005

Fibonacci numbers


















兔子的生態可以表示這個級數
















樹枝生長的圖也可以表示這個級數

One plant in particular shows the Fibonacci numbers in the number of "growing points" that it has. Suppose that when a plant puts out a new shoot, that shoot has to grow two months before it is strong enough to support branching. If it branches every month after that at the growing point, we get the picture shown here.

A plant that grows very much like this is the "sneezewort": Achillea ptarmica.















自然界中到處可見費氏數列的蹤跡。樹技上的分枝數,多數花的瓣數都是費氏數:火鶴 1、百合 3,梅花 5,桔梗常為 8,金盞花 13,…等等。費氏數列也出現在松果上。一片片的鱗片在整粒松果上順著兩組螺線排列:一組呈順時針旋轉,另一組呈反時針,請參 考 http://www.mcs.surrey.ac.uk/Personal/R.Knott/Fibonacci/fibnat.html#pinecones 網頁上的圖;仔細瞧瞧,順時針螺線的排列數目是 8,反時針方向則為 13,而另一組常出現的數字是「5 8」。向日葵也是一樣,常見的螺線數目為「3455」,較大的向日葵的螺線數目則為「89 144」,更大的甚至還有「144233」。這些全都是費氏數列中相鄰兩項的數值。

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